The Shannon entropy has the sum form ∑f(pi) with f(x) = -x logx (x belonging to [0,1]). This together with the property of additivity leads to the 'sum' functional equation...
@article{urn:eudml:doc:38889, title = {On a generalization of sum form functional equation (I).}, journal = {Stochastica}, volume = {7}, year = {1983}, pages = {97-109}, zbl = {0563.39004}, mrnumber = {MR0766694}, language = {en}, url = {http://dml.mathdoc.fr/item/urn:eudml:doc:38889} }
Kannappan, Palaniappan. On a generalization of sum form functional equation (I).. Stochastica, Tome 7 (1983) pp. 97-109. http://gdmltest.u-ga.fr/item/urn:eudml:doc:38889/