We prove that the $D_4$ root system (equivalently, the set of vertices of the regular 24-cell) is not a universally optimal spherical code. We further conjecture that there is no universally optimal spherical code of 24 points in $S^3$, based on numerical computations suggesting that every 5-design consisting of 24 points in $S^3$ is in a 3-parameter family (which we describe explicitly, based on a construction due to Sali) of deformations of the $D_4$ root system.
@article{1204928532,
author = {Cohn, Henry and Conway, John H. and Elkies, Noam D. and Kumar, Abhinav},
title = {The $D\_4$ Root System Is Not Universally Optimal},
journal = {Experiment. Math.},
volume = {16},
number = {1},
year = {2007},
pages = { 313-320},
language = {en},
url = {http://dml.mathdoc.fr/item/1204928532}
}
Cohn, Henry; Conway, John H.; Elkies, Noam D.; Kumar, Abhinav. The $D_4$ Root System Is Not Universally Optimal. Experiment. Math., Tome 16 (2007) no. 1, pp. 313-320. http://gdmltest.u-ga.fr/item/1204928532/