Knot complements in the n-sphere are characterized. A connected open subset W of is homeomorphic with the complement of a locally flat (n-2)-sphere in , n ≥ 4, if and only if the first homology group of W is infinite cyclic, W has one end, and the homotopy groups of the end of W are isomorphic to those of in dimensions less than n/2. This result generalizes earlier theorems of Daverman, Liem, and Liem and Venema.
@article{bwmeta1.element.bwnjournal-article-fmv147i2p189bwm, author = {Vo-Thanh Liem and Gerard Venema}, title = {Characterization of knot complements in the n-sphere}, journal = {Fundamenta Mathematicae}, volume = {146}, year = {1995}, pages = {189-196}, zbl = {0827.57012}, language = {en}, url = {http://dml.mathdoc.fr/item/bwmeta1.element.bwnjournal-article-fmv147i2p189bwm} }
Liem, Vo-Thanh; Venema, Gerard. Characterization of knot complements in the n-sphere. Fundamenta Mathematicae, Tome 146 (1995) pp. 189-196. http://gdmltest.u-ga.fr/item/bwmeta1.element.bwnjournal-article-fmv147i2p189bwm/
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