The usual Ito formula fails to apply for $r(X)$ when $r$ is a distance function and $X$ a Brownian motion on a general manifold, since $r$ fails to be differentiable on the cut-locus. It is shown that the discrepancy between the two sides of Ito's formula forms a monotonic random process (and hence is of locally bounded variation). In particular, $r(X)$ is a semimartingale.
@article{1176991988,
author = {Kendall, Wilfrid S.},
title = {The Radial Part of Brownian Motion on a Manifold: A Semimartingale Property},
journal = {Ann. Probab.},
volume = {15},
number = {4},
year = {1987},
pages = { 1491-1500},
language = {en},
url = {http://dml.mathdoc.fr/item/1176991988}
}
Kendall, Wilfrid S. The Radial Part of Brownian Motion on a Manifold: A Semimartingale Property. Ann. Probab., Tome 15 (1987) no. 4, pp. 1491-1500. http://gdmltest.u-ga.fr/item/1176991988/