@article{02206545, title = {End reductions, fundamental groups, and covering spaces of irreducible open 3-manifolds.}, journal = {Geometry \& Topology}, volume = {5}, year = {2005}, pages = {971-990}, doi = {10.2140/gt.2005.9.971}, zbl = {1092.57002}, language = {en}, url = {http://dml.mathdoc.fr/item/02206545} }
Myers, Robert. End reductions, fundamental groups, and covering spaces of irreducible open 3-manifolds.. Geometry & Topology, Tome 5 (2005) pp. 971-990. doi : 10.2140/gt.2005.9.971. http://gdmltest.u-ga.fr/item/02206545/